Grade 4 Social Studies Tennessee standards Standards

Post-World War II and the Civil Rights Movement (1940s-1960s): Students will examine the cultural and political developments in the U.S. after World War II and during the Civil Rights Movement.

World War II (1930s-1940s): Students will examine and analyze U.S. involvement during World War II as well as the impact of the war at home.

World War I and Between the Wars (1920s-1940s): Students will summarize and describe U.S. involvement during World War I as well as the cultural, economic, and political developments of the 1920s.

Industrialization, the Gilded Age, and the Progressive Era (1870s-1910s): Students will explain the key shifts in the United States during the late 19th and early 20th centuries, including immigration, industrialization, the nation’s role in world affairs, and the Progressive Era.

The Civil War and Reconstruction (1861-1870s): Students will understand the causes and course of the Civil War and the successes and failures of Reconstruction.

The United States Prior the Civil War (1820s-1861): Students will explore the events that led to the Civil War, focusing on the impact of slavery, the abolition movement, and the major differences of the states.

Social Studies Practices

Analyze the sectional differences between the North, South and the developing West, including:

Economic

Population

Social

Transportation

Explain how enslavement became a national conflict during the mid-19th century, including the significance of:

Missouri Compromise

Nat Turner's Rebellion

Compromise of 1850

Uncle Tom’s Cabin

Kansas-Nebraska Act

Dred Scott v. Sandford decision

John Brown’s Raid (on Harper’s Ferry)

Compare characteristics of the lives of enslaved persons on plantations, in cities, and on other farms.

Identify abolitionist leaders and their approaches to ending enslavement, including:

Frederick Douglass

William Lloyd Garrison

The Grimke Sisters

Harriet Tubman

Sojourner Truth

Compare and contrast the various sectional stances on states’ rights and enslavement represented by the presidential candidates in the election of 1860.

Evaluate the significance of the Battle of Fort Sumter and the impact it had on secession.

Explain the efforts of both the Union and the Confederacy to secure the border states for their causes.

Explain how the Union’s Anaconda Plan used geographic features to isolate and defeat regions of the South and the Confederacy as a whole.

Describe the roles of major leaders during the Civil War, including:

Jefferson Davis

Ulysses S. Grant

Robert E. Lee

Abraham Lincoln

Evaluate the significant contributions made by women during the Civil War (e.g., Clara Barton, Dorothea Dix, Susie King Taylor, Frances Clayton, Harriett Tubman, Dr. Mary Edwards Walker).

Examine the strategic significance and outcomes of key events of the Civil War (e.g., First Battle of Bull Run, Battle of Shiloh, Battle of Antietam, Siege of Vicksburg, and Battle of Gettysburg).

Explain the purpose of the Emancipation Proclamation, and identify its impact on the country.

Describe the significance of the Gettysburg Address.

Describe the physical, social, political, and economic consequences of the Civil War on the United States after the surrender at Appomattox Court House.

Describe the impact President Abraham Lincoln’s assassination had on the nation.

Identify the 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments (i.e., Reconstruction Amendments) as efforts to help former enslaved persons gain the rights of citizenship.

Compare and contrast the goals of the Reconstruction plans of President Abraham Lincoln, President Andrew Johnson, and Congress.

Identify the impacts of the outcome of the Election of 1876, including (T.C.A. § 49-6-1028):

Compromise of 1877

Disenfranchisement

End of Military Reconstruction

Lack of African American elected officials

Jim Crow Laws

Rise of vigilante actions

Examine the appeal and challenges of settling the Great Plains from various cultural perspectives, including settlers, immigrants, Buffalo Soldiers, and American Indians.

Examine factors that encouraged development of the Great Plains, including the building of the Transcontinental Railroad, innovations (e.g., barbed wire, steel plow, and windmills) and the Homestead Acts.

Describe characteristics of the Second Industrial Revolution (e.g., industrial capitalists, monopolies, unsafe working conditions).

Explain the role of labor unions and the American Federation of Labor in changing the standards of working conditions.

Examine the impact of important entrepreneurs on American society during the Gilded Age (e.g., Andrew Carnegie, John D. Rockefeller, Cornelius Vanderbilt, Madam C. J. Walker.)

Examine the contributions and impact of inventors (e.g., Alexander Graham Bell, George Washington Carver, and Thomas Edison, Eliza Murfey) on American society.

Describe the challenges for successful entry into the United States through Ellis Island and Angel Island, and examine the role of immigrants in the development of the United States.

Analyze the causes, course, and consequences of the Spanish-American War, including (T.C.A. § 49-6- 1028):

Buffalo Soldiers

Imperialism

Rough Riders

USS Maine

Yellow journalism

Analyze the major goals, struggles, and achievements of the Progressive Era, including Prohibition (i.e., 18th Amendment), women’s suffrage (i.e., 19th Amendment), and child labor.

Summarize the events leading to U.S. entry into World War I, including the attack on the RMS Lusitania and the Zimmerman Telegram.

Identify and locate on a map the major countries of the Central and Allied Powers during World War I, including:

Austria-Hungary

France

Germany

Great Britain

Russia

Describe the impact of U.S. involvement as an Allied Power in World War I.

Explain the aims of world leaders in the Treaty of Versailles, and why the U.S. Senate rejected President Woodrow Wilson’s League of Nations.

Examine the growth of popular culture during the “Roaring Twenties” with respect to the following:

Music, clothing, and entertainment

Automobiles and appliances

Harlem Renaissance (T.C.A. § 49-6-1028)

Describe how scarcity, supply, and demand affect the prices of products.

Identify the causes of the Great Depression, President Herbert Hoover’s role, and its impact on the nation, including:

Consumer credit and debt

Hoovervilles

Mass unemployment

Overproduction

Soup kitchens

Describe how the New Deal policies of President Franklin D. Roosevelt impacted American society with government-funded programs, including Social Security, protection of banks, expansion and development of the national parks, and creation of jobs.

Explain the structures and goals of the governments in Germany and Japan during the 1930s, and how they contributed to the outbreak of World War II.

Identify and locate on a map the Axis and Allied Powers associated with World War II, including:

Germany

Italy

Japan

France

Great Britain

Soviet Union

Determine the significance of the bombing of Pearl Harbor, and its impact on the United States.

Examine the reasons for the use of propaganda, rationing, and victory gardens during World War II.

Analyze the significance of the Holocaust and its impact on the United States (e.g., the creation of the of the State of Israel by the United Nations and the migration of Jewish individuals).

Examine the growth of the United States as a consumer and entertainment society after World War II, including:

Growth of the suburbs

Increased access to automobiles

Interstate Highway System

Television, radio, and movie theaters

Analyze the key people and events of the Civil Rights Movement, including (T.C.A. § 49-6- 1028):

Martin Luther King Jr. and non-violent protests

Rosa Parks and the Montgomery Bus Boycott

Brown v. Board of Education and Thurgood Marshall

Freedom Riders and Diane Nash

Explain the effects of the Civil Rights Movement, including the Civil Rights Act and the Voting Rights Act.

Gather information from a variety of primary and secondary sources, including:

Printed

Graphic representations

Artifacts

Media and technology sources

Oral History

Critically examine a primary or secondary source in order to:

Summarize significant ideas and relevant information

Distinguish between fact and opinion

Draw inferences and conclusions

Recognize author’s purpose and point of view, and reliability

Organize data from a variety of sources in order to:

Compare and contrast multiple sources

Recognize differences between multiple accounts

Frame appropriate questions for further investigation

Communicate ideas supported by evidence to:

Demonstrate and defend an understanding of ideas

Compare and contrast viewpoints

Illustrate cause and effect

Predict likely outcomes

Devise new outcomes or solutions

Develop strategies for appropriate civic discourse

Develop historical awareness by:

Recognizing how and why historical accounts change over time

Recognizing how past events and issues might have been experienced by the people of that time with historical context

Identifying patters of continuity and change over time, making connections to the present

Develop geographic awareness by:

Determining relationships among people, resources, and ideas based on geographic location

Determining the use of diverse types of maps and their features based on the purpose

Analyzing the spatial relationships between people, circumstances, and resources

Analyzing interaction between humans and the physical environment

Examining how geographic regions and perceptions of the regions change over time.

Analyze the impact of conflicts between colonists and American Indian nations brought on by the intrusions of colonization.

Describe the contributions of Benjamin Franklin during this era, including the development of the Albany Plan of Union and the “Join or Die” political cartoon.

Analyze the causes and consequences of the French and Indian War, and recognize Fort Loudoun’s role in it.

Evaluate how political and economic ideas and interests brought about the American Revolution, including: Tea Act, 1773, Resistance to imperial policy, “Taxation without Representation” (Proclamation of 1763), Intolerable/Coercive Acts, 1774, The Stamp Act, 1765, The role of Patrick Henry, The Townshend Acts, 1767

Explain the different forms of protests colonists used to promote change in British policies, including: the Boston Tea Party, tarring and feathering, letter writing, and boycotts.

Determine the historical and present-day significance of the Declaration of Independence, including the roles of Thomas Jefferson and John Hancock. (T.C.A. § 49-6-1028)

Contrast how the principles set forth in the Declaration of Independence clashed with treatment of different groups including: women, slaves, and American Indians

Determine the importance of the following groups to the American Revolution: Loyalists (Tories), Redcoats, Minutemen, Sons of Liberty, Patriots

Examine major events and battles of the American Revolution, including: Midnight Ride of Paul Revere, Battle of Saratoga, Battles of Lexington and Concord, Valley Forge, Battle of Bunker (Breed’s) Hill, Battle of Yorktown

Evaluate the contributions made by women during the American Revolution, including: Abigail Adams, Betsy Ross, Mary Ludwig Hays (Molly Pitcher), Phillis Wheatley

Identify the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation, including: no power to tax, weak central government, and the impact of Shays’ Rebellion.

Identify the roles of James Madison and George Washington during the Constitutional Convention, and analyze the major issues debated, including (T.C.A. § 49-6-1028): Distribution of power between the states and federal government, Great Compromise, Slavery and the Three-Fifths Compromise

Describe the conflict between the Federalists and Anti-Federalists over ratification of the Constitution, including the need for a Bill of Rights. (T.C.A. § 49-6-1028)

Describe the principles embedded in the Constitution, including (T.C.A. § 49-6-1028): Purposes of government (listed in the Preamble), Separation of powers, Branches of government, Checks and balances, Recognition and protection of individual rights (in the 1st Amendment)

Examine the legacy and significance of the presidency of George Washington, including: the creation of cabinet member positions, two-party split, and the push for a strong central government.

Map the exploration of the Louisiana Territory, and describe the events, struggles, and successes of the purchase, including the significance of: Meriwether Lewis, William Clark, and Sacagawea.

Identify major causes, events, and key people of the War of 1812, including: Trade restrictions, Burning of Washington, D.C., Impressment, Francis Scott Key, Battle of New Orleans, Andrew Jackson

Analyze the impact of Andrew Jackson’s presidency, including: the Indian Removal Act, Trail of Tears, and preservation of the union.

Contrast regional differences in the early 19th century, including: the emerging urbanization in the North, the expansion of the plantation system in the South, and the developing West.

Analyze the impact of the American Industrial Revolution, including the significance of: Watermills (influence of geography), Robert Fulton (steamboats), Samuel Slater (factory system), Eli Whitney (cotton gin)

Compare and contrast the characteristics of slave life in plantations, cities, and other farms

Describe the experiences of settlers on the overland trails to the West, including the purpose of the journeys and influence of geography.

Examine the impact of President James K. Polk’s view of Manifest Destiny on westward expansion.

Explain the significance of the California Gold Rush in westward expansion.

Analyze the sectional differences between the North and the Antebellum South, including: Economic, Social, Political, Transportation, Population

Identify abolitionist leaders and their approaches to ending slavery, including: Frederick Douglass, Sojourner Truth, William Lloyd Garrison, Harriet Tubman

Explain how slavery became a national issue during the mid-19th century, including the significance of: Missouri Compromise, Kansas-Nebraska Act, Compromise of 1850, Dred Scott v. Sandford decision, Uncle Tom’s Cabin, John Brown’s Raid (on Harper’s Ferry)

Compare and contrast the various sectional stances on states’ rights and slavery represented by the presidential candidates in the election of 1860, including Abraham Lincoln and Stephen A. Douglas.

Evaluate the significance of the Battle of Fort Sumter and the impact it had on secession

Explain the efforts of both the Union and the Confederacy to secure the border states for their causes

Explain how the Union’s Anaconda Plan used geographic features to isolate and defeat regions of the south and the Confederacy as a whole

Describe the roles of major leaders during the Civil War, including: Jefferson Davis, Ulysses S. Grant, Robert E. Lee, President Abraham Lincoln

Evaluate the significant contributions made by women during the Civil War, including Clara Barton and Dorothea Dix.

Examine the significance and outcomes of key battles of the Civil War, including: First Battle of Bull Run, Battle of Shiloh, Battle of Antietam, Battle of Gettysburg

Explain the purpose of the Emancipation Proclamation, and identify its impact on the country.

Describe the significance of the Gettysburg Address.

Describe the physical, social, political, and economic consequences of the Civil War on the southern U.S. after the surrender at Appomattox Court House

Describe the impact President Abraham Lincoln’s assassination had on the nation.

Identify the 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments as efforts to help former slaves begin a new life.

Compare and contrast the Reconstruction plans of President Abraham Lincoln, President Andrew Johnson, and Congress.

Examine the significance of the Compromise of 1877 on the U.S.

The History of the United States: Revolution to Reconstruction

The History of the United States: Revolution to Reconstruction

Creating a New Government (1781-1789)

Building the New Nation (1790-1830)

The Growth of the Republic (1800s-1850)

The United States Prior the Civil War (1820s-1861)

The Civil War and Reconstruction (1861-1870s)

Social Studies Practice

Gather information from a variety of primary and secondary sources, including: Printed materials (e.g., literary texts, newspapers, political cartoons, autobiographies, speeches, letters, personal journals), Graphic representations (e.g., maps, timelines, charts, artwork), Artifacts, Media and technology sources

Critically examine a primary or secondary source in order to: Summarize significant ideas and relevant information, Distinguish between fact and opinion, Draw inferences and conclusions, Recognize author’s purpose, point of view, and reliability

Organize data from a variety of sources in order to: Compare and contrast multiple sources, Recognize differences between multiple accounts, Frame appropriate questions for further investigation

Construct and communicate arguments supported by evidence to: Demonstrate and defend an understanding of ideas, Compare and contrast viewpoints, Illustrate cause and effect, Predict likely outcomes, Devise new outcomes or solutions

Develop historical awareness by: Recognizing how and why historical accounts change over time, Recognizing how past events and issues might have been experienced by the people of that time, with historical context and empathy rather than present-mindedness, Identify patterns of continuity and change over time, making connections to the present

Develop geographic awareness by: Determining relationships among people, resources, and ideas based on geographic location (local, national, global),  Determining the use of diverse types of maps based on the purpose, Analyzing the spatial relationships between people, circumstances, and resources, Analyzing interaction between humans and the physical environment, Examining how geographic regions and perceptions of the regions change over time